Ovulation is a process in which fully matured egg is released from the ovary. They move down the fallopian tube subsequently and wait for a successful sperm to get fertilized. One of the ovaries releases matured egg and awaits the sperm for fusion. The fertilized egg would then reach the uterus wherein it attaches to the wall of the uterus on the endometrium lining.
The uterus of every woman prepares itself each month for the arrival of fertilized egg by preparing a thick lining to accommodate it. The wall of the uterus gets coated with a thick lining of essential nutrients so that the fertilized zygote can grow on it. In case the zygote does not arrive on the platform of uterus it automatically sheds off its lining. This comes out of the vagina in the form of menstrual periods each month.
A fully matured egg can live up to 24 hours after it has been released from the ovary. The process of ovulation can be affected by several factors like health condition, stress and severe illness and infection. Even if ovulation has not occurred due to some reason, a woman can get menstrual periods. Spotting or light bleeding can occur during the process of ovulation in some women. Matured egg would move downwards into the fallopian tubes and it might take 5-6 days for this movement. Once it reaches the uterus, it meets the sperm to get fertilized. Fertilization can be described as the process of gamete of sperm cell with the egg cell to form a zygote.
Cell division takes place in rapid manner once the egg has been fertilized. Group of such cells would now attach itself to the wall of the uterus in another 6 days after ovulation. This process is known as implantation which can cause light bleeding and abdominal cramps in some women. Implantation bleeding can occur 4-6 days before normal menstrual periods and this can cause spotting and brownish red bloody discharge. Bleeding would be occasional and many times you may notice it only while changing your panties.