Lymphogranuloma venereum or LGV is a rare type of sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria. This infectious disease is restricted to tropical areas of the world initially but outbreaks are reported now in the USA, the Europe and the UK. Men who have sex with men are largely infected with this type of bacteria. Unlike other infectious bacteria that causes sexually transmitted infection that affects only the superficial layers, this bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis infects the lymphatic system.
Causes :
LGV is a bacterial infection caused by Chlamydia trachomatis that affects the lymphatic system leading to infection. It is a long term infection or chronic (recurring) infection. Being HIV positive increases the risk of getting LGV infection. LGV is more prevalent in parts of South America and Central America.
Symptoms :
The symptoms may not start quickly after infection and it might take few days or even a month for the appearance of initial signs. Foul smelling liquid can get discharged from the lymph nodes of the groin area. The infected person can have problems in passing stool causing pain.
The skin may develop inflammation on the groin area. For women, the labia of the vaginal portion become red and swollen. For some men, the lymph nodes of the rectum get affected and become swollen leading to bloody discharge while passing stool. For the same reason, it can cause diarrhea and pain in the lower abdomen.
Who are at risk?
People with multiple sex partners and people who keep on changing partners for sex are at high risk of getting LGV. People who have receptive anal sex and oral sex are also at risk. Travelers who have sex with prostitutes in the endemic areas are at high risk. Men having sex with men are more prone to develop LGV than others.