Lymph nodes are round shaped small structures that help in fighting infection. They are found in many parts of the body like neck, breasts and reproductive organs. They act as an agent for immune system and generally the lymph nodes are not visible. They can be felt only when they become enlarged.
Inflammation of Lymph Nodes :
The swollen lymph nodes indicate that something is wrong in that region/part of the body. When particular part of the body gets infected, the lymph nodes get enlarged suggesting that it is abnormal. Lymphocytes are elements present in the lymph nodes that produces antibodies to fight many microorganisms.
Where Lymph Nodes are Present?
Lymph nodes are not destined only to the neck but it is found throughout the body. Even it is found just beneath the skin and also in deeper organs of the body. Lymph nodes are found in the head, neck, armpit, skin and even in the groin area. Lymph nodes can be felt as palpable by your physician only when they become enlarged or inflamed.
Why Lymph Nodes Become Enlarged and Swollen?
Lymph nodes are area specific meaning that lymph nodes of the neck get enlarged only if there is throat infection or ear infection. Often viral infection is the main cause for enlargement of lymph nodes.
Infections Can Cause Inflammation of Lymph Nodes :
Some of the common infections that cause enlarged lymph nodes are strep infection, measles, chicken pox, skin infection, tooth infection and ear infection. Sometimes even cellulitis infection can make the lymph nodes swollen. And HIV infection can also cause swollen lymph nodes.
Other Diseases and Disorders that Lead to Enlargement of Lymph Nodes :
In rare cases sexually transmitted infections, cat scratch fever, tuberculosis infection and toxoplasmosis infection also enlarges the lymph nodes. Systemic lupus and rheumatoid arthritis and other immune related disorder can also affect the lymph nodes.